谷氨酰胺替代饲用抗生素对黄羽肉鸡免疫器官指数及小肠黏膜免疫的影响

The Effects of Glutamine Substitution for Antibiotics Feed Additive on Immune Organ Indexes and Intestinal Mucosal Immune of Yellow Broilers

本试验旨在研究基础日粮中添加谷氨酰胺替代饲用抗生素对黄羽肉鸡免疫器官指数及小肠黏膜免疫的影响。将180只1日龄体重相近、健康的黄羽肉鸡随机分为5个处理组,每个处理组3个重复,每个重复12只。阴性对照组饲喂基础日粮,阳性对照组在基础日粮中添加0.3 g/kg那西肽和0.25 g/kg硫酸黏杆菌素,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别在基础日粮中添加1、2、3g/kg谷氨酰胺。结果显示,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组黄羽肉鸡免疫器官重量及免疫器官指数与阳性、阴性对照组相比差异均不显著(P>0.05),且各试验组之间差异也不显著(P>0.05)。45 d时,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组黄羽肉鸡十二指肠、空肠肠黏膜蛋白质中溶菌酶的含量低于阳性对照组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);与阳性对照组相比,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组和阴性对照组的十二指肠内容物中细菌数量均显著提高(P<0.05)。77 d时,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组十二指肠、空肠、回肠肠黏膜蛋白质中溶菌酶的含量均与阳性对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);十二指肠黏膜蛋白质中分泌型免疫球蛋白A的含量均低于阳性、阴性对照组;回肠内容物中乙酸、丙酸及总酸的浓度均低于阳性对照组,高于阴性对照组。因此,在基础日粮中添加谷氨酰胺替代饲用抗生素可能会提高黄羽肉鸡的细胞免疫水平,改善小肠黏膜免疫功能。

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of glutamine replacing antibiotics in diet on immune organ indexes and intestinal mucosal immune function of the Yellow broilers.One hundred eighty Yellow broilers with similar weight and good health for one day old were randomized into two control groups and three trial groups with 3 replicates per group and 12 chickens per replicate. The positive control group was fed with diet supplemented with 0.3 g/kg nosiheptide and 0.25 g/kg colistin sulfate premix,negative control group was fed with basal diet,the trial Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups were fed with diet supplemented with 1,2,3 g/kg glutamine,respectively.The results showed that compared with the positive and negative control groups,the immune organ weight and indexes of trail Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups were all no significant difference,respectively,and the difference among the experimental groups were also not significant（P0.05）.On 45 d lysozyme content in the duodenum,jejunum mucosa protein of broilers in treatment Ⅰ and Ⅱ groups decreased compared with the positive control group（P0.05）.The bacteria content of trialⅠ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups and the negative control group in duodenal were higher than the positive control group（P 0.05）.On 77 d lysozyme content in duodenum,jejunum,ileum mucosa protein of treatment Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups had no differences compared with the positive control group（P0.05）.The SIgA content in duodenum was lower than the negative and the positive control groups.Acetic acid,propionic acid,and total acid concentrations content of the treatment groups in ileum were lower than the positive control group and higher than the negative control group.Therefore,glutamine substitution for antibiotics feed additive seemed to improve cellular immunity and mucosal immunity in intestine of Yellow broilers.