臂丛神经根性损伤后脊髓运动神经元死亡的实验研究

Cell Death of Spinal Motoneurons after Different Brachial Complex Root Injuries

目的 研究臂丛神经根性切断伤及根性撕脱伤后脊髓前角运动神经元的死亡情况。 方法 选用 6 0只健康成年 SD大鼠 ,分别造成臂丛神经根性切断伤和根性撕脱伤 ,于手术后不同时间点取脊髓标本 ,观察颈髓前角运动神经元数目的变化。 结果 臂丛神经根性切断伤后 ,脊髓前角运动神经元数目无明显变化 ;而根性撕脱伤1周后神经元数目开始减少 ,2周时神经元数目已减少 30 % ,6周时达 70 %。撕脱伤与切断伤之间差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 1)。 结论 臂丛神经根性切断伤与根性撕脱伤后脊髓运动神经元数目变化不同。臂丛神经根性撕脱伤后脊髓运动神经元发生死亡 ,死亡速度快 。

Objective\ Investigation of the cell death of spinal motoneurons after different brachial complex root injuries.\ Methods\ 60 adult healthy SD rats were made for the model of brachial complex root avulsion and root axotomy.\ The spinal region was dissected out for motoneuron count and morphological analysis in 1 and 3 day, 1,2,3,4 and 6 week respectively after injury.\ Results\ Cell death of spinal motoneurons occurred 1 week after root avulsion.\ 30% motoneurons lost 2 weeks after avulsion and 70% in 6 weeks after injury. However, no significant motoneuron death was observed after spinal root axotomy.\ Conclusion\ Cell loss of spinal motoneurons in brachial complex root avulsion and root axotomy is different, which has significant statistical meaning.\ The decrease of motoneurons following root avulsion is rapid and severe.