晋城市城市社区居民预防艾滋病健康教育效果评价

Effectiveness evaluation of AIDS related health education among urban community residents in Jincheng City

目的了解晋城市城市社区居民开展艾滋病健康教育前后,对艾滋病知识和态度的改变,评价健康教育的效果。方法在城区选择凤翔、万苑、康乐、西巷4个社区,采取分层整群抽样法,按楼号、门牌号随机抽取18周岁以上的常住居民和外来暂住居民为调查对象。教育前后采用同一问卷开展两次面对面调查。结果健康教育后社区居民对艾滋病知识知晓率明显提高,艾滋病知识平均知晓率由教育前的79.82%提高到教育后的96.02%,达到了《中国预防与控制艾滋病中长期规划(1998—2010年)》和《中国遏制与防治艾滋病行动计划(2006-2010)》的目标;对艾滋病病人及感染者的态度有了明显变化,愿意与艾滋病病人及感染者交往的,关心艾滋病病人的人数明显增加(P<0.001);为避免感染艾滋病病毒愿意使用安全套的人数增加明显(P<0.001),商业性行为时使用安全套的比教育前有明显改变(P<0.01)。但自愿做艾滋病病毒抗体检查的无显著变化(P>0.05)。结论通过对城市社区居民开展预防艾滋病健康教育,可有效地提高社区居民预防艾滋病知识水平,增强对艾滋病预防的意识,改变对艾滋病患者及感染者的认识,自觉采取健康的行为。

Objective To understand the change of pre- and after the health education on AIDS （acquired immunodeficiency syndrome） prevention in Jincheng urban community residents,and to evaluate the effectiveness of health education programs. Methods Permanent and temporary residents aged 18 years or above living in Fengxiang, Wangyuan, Kangle and Xixiang communities were selected as subjects of survey with stratified cluster sampling. Households were sampled randomly according to their building and apartment numbers. Unified questionnaires were used to conduct face to face surveys to understand subjects＇ knowledge pre- and after education. Results The awareness rate of AIDS knowledge among the subjects significantly increased after the health education from 79.82% to 96.02~ ,and reached the target set by the ＂China Mid- and Long term AIDS Prevention and Control Program （1998--2010）＂ and ＂Action Plan of AIDS Prevention and Control of China （2006- 2010）＂. The attitude of community residents towards the AIDS patients and infected people changed significantly after the education. The number of residents willing to work with AIDS patients and infected people increased significantly （P〈0. 001）. The number of residents willing to use condom to avoid HIV infection increased significantly （P〈0. 001）. The number of residents taking voluntary HIV antibody tests had no significant change （P〈0.05）. The number of those using condoms in their commercial sex changed significantly than before education （P〈0.01）. Conclusion AIDS related health education in urban community residents can effectively improve the level of knowledge and awareness of AIDS prevention, change the attitude towards AIDS patients and infected people,and also promote their willinghess to adopt healthy behaviors.