摘要
在当前我国重视节能减排的背景之下,新疆资源型农业的可持续发展面临巨大的挑战,研究资源环境约束下的新疆农业可持续发展是新疆区域社会、经济持续发展的需要。立足于新疆自然资源特点,探讨新疆农业发展现状和可持续发展过程中存在的问题,针对制约农业可持续发展的主要资源环境因素,提出新疆农业可持续发展的主要措施。新疆农业发展近几年取得了显著的成就,农业生产规模不断扩大,生产稳定性提高。同时也存在以下问题:农业产业结构单一,区域发展不平衡;生产格局分散、小规模化比较明显;农业用水效率较低,开发利用不合理。结论:需要调整农业产业结构,进一步优化资源配置。认清区域资源的特点,发展区域特色农业。改变传统落后的灌溉方式,大力发展集水型生态农业。严格控制人口数量,全面提高人口素质。加强科技创新,普及可持续发展意识。建立资源可持续利用的宏观调控机制,形成持续稳定的良性生存环境。
Based on natural resources in Xinjiang, some problems existing in agricul- tural sustainable development in Xinjiang were explored, such as simple agricultural structure （unbalanced development in different regions）, dispersed production pattern, and lower efficient water use for agriculture. Furthermore, some countermeasures for Xinjiang agricultural sustainable development were proposed as well, including ad- justment of agricultural structure for optimization of resource allocation, strict control of population for improvement of people education, strengthening of S＆T innovation for popularization of sustainable development, and construction of macro-adjustment mechanism of resources use for virtuous environment.
关键词
新疆农业
可持续发展
资源环境约束
Xinjiang agriculture
Sustainable development
Resource restraint in Environment
