广西浦北县农村社区高血压流行病学调查分析

Analysis of Epidemiological Baseline Investigation on Hypertension in Rural Communities in Pubei County of Guangxi

目的了解浦北县农村社区高血压发病特点,为高血压防治提供依据。方法采取整群、随机抽样相结合的方法,抽取浦北县3个镇11个农村社区35岁以上人群5 591人作为调查对象,调查并记录其性别、年龄、血压情况,并对其中高血压患者的服药情况、高血压卫生知识水平及高血压危险因素等进行统计。结果 5 591名调查对象中,高血压粗患病率为44.5%,男性患病率为46.1%,高于女性的43.0%(P<0.05);无论男性或女性,高血压患病率随着年龄的增长而升高(P<0.01);高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为61.4%、56.4%和10.6%;75岁以上年龄段高血压知晓率、控制率较低,而治疗率升高。结论浦北县农村社区高血压患病率较高,知晓率、治疗率、控制率均较低,需根据不同社区、地理环境、年龄、性别制订个体化的治疗方案,进行社区综合干预,以预防高血压的发生和进展。

Objective To explore the characteristics of hypertension in rural communities in Pubei County,so as to provide a basis for prevention and treatment of hypertension. Methods Taking the whole group,with a combination of random sampling method,5 591 persons aged 35 years and over in 11 rural communities affiliated to three towns in Pubei County were enrolled in the survey, their gender, age, blood pressure were investigated and recorded, and a statistics analysis of medication, health knowledge level and risk factors in hypertension patients was done. Results Among 5 591 investigation subjects,the crude prevalence of hypertension was 44.5% ,46.1% for man which was higher than that for women （43.0%,P 〈 0.05 ） ;in the male or female, elder patients, higher prevalence of hypertension （P 〈 0.01 ） ; the awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of hypertension were 61.4% ,56.4% and 10.6% ,respectively ;lower awareness rate and control rate of hypertension were found in the subjects aged 75 years and over ,and the treatment rate increased. Condusion The prevalence of hypertension is higher in rural communities in Pubei County,and the awareness rate ,treatment rate and control rate of hypertension are lower. Comprehensive community intervention should be carried out, with individualized treatment programs formulated according to different communities,geographical location,age and gender, for preventing the occurrence and development of hypertension.