血吸虫病门诊患者IHA与ELISA法抗体检测结果

Study of the IHA and ELISA diagnosis results of the schistosomiasis patients

目的了解临床血吸虫病患者血清抗体检测结果及特点。方法收集2005-2011年的门诊患者登记资料及IHA、ELISA方法血检结果等进行统计分析。结果共检测患者5979人,IHA血清抗体阳性率为7.96%,ELISA血清抗体阳性率为19.95%,双检血清抗体阳性率为7.18%。2008年后患者血清抗体阳性率逐年下降,2011年IHA法血清抗体阳性率为3.98%,ELISA法血清抗体阳性率为16.93%,双检血清抗体阳性率为3.70%,与2008年比较差异均有统计学意义(IHA:χ2=51.76,P=0.000;ELISA:χ2=36.17,P=0.000;双阳:χ2=46.10,P=0.000)。10～岁年龄组患者IHA、ELISA法血清抗体阳性率与双检阳性率均高于其他年龄组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。就诊与血检阳性患者以男性为主。结论血吸虫病门诊患者的血阳率处于近年最低水平,但男性与10～岁年龄组患病情况较突出,应引起有关方面的重视及采取针对性的防治措施。

Objective To analyze the serum antibodies testing results and characteristics of schistosomiasis patients. Methods Information and serum antibodies testing results of the schistosomiasis out patients were collected from 2005 to 2011 for statistical analysis. Results 5 979 schistosomiasis out patients were tested. For the IHA test, the positive rate was 7.96%, while the positive rate for the ELISA test was 19.95% and 7.18% was both positive in IHA and ELISA tests. After year 2008, the positive rate of schistosomiasis diagnosis was decreasing yearly. In year 2011, the positive rate of IHA test was dropped to 3.98%, ELISA test to 16.93% and both positive in HIA and ELISA tests to 3.70%, significantly lower than those of 2008 year （IHA：χ2=51.76,P=0.000;ELISA：χ2=36.17,P=0.000; IHA＋ELISA：χ2=46.10,P=0.000）. The positive rate of both positive in IHA and ELISA tests of the 10-year old age group was higher than that of any other age group. The schistosomiasis out patients positive in serum tests was mainly male. Conclusion After the implementation of infection control and prevention strategy in Hubei province, the serum positive rate was declined and was the lowest in recent years. However the positive rates of male and the 10-year old age group were outstanding. Corresponding prevention and control measures should be implemented.