广州市2007-2011年风疹流行病学特征分析

Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of rubella in Guangzhou during 2007-2011

目的分析广州市风疹流行病学分布特征,为风疹的预防控制提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对2007-2011年国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统和突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统报告的风疹疫情资料进行分析。结果 2007-2011年广州市共报告风疹病例2054例,年均发病率为3.71/10万,各区(县级市)均有病例报告。发病呈明显季节性分布,3-7月为发病高峰。15～19岁年龄组人群发病最多,育龄期妇女发病占女性发病数的63.94%。发病主要集中在学生和学龄前儿童。风疹暴发疫情主要集中在学校。结论广州市风疹疫情形势较为严峻,应提高风疹疫苗接种率,并加大对青春期少女和育龄期妇女选择性疫苗接种的宣传,以控制先天性风疹综合征。

Objective To find out the epidemiological characteristics of rubella in Guangzhou from 2007 to 2011, and to provide basis on rubella control in China. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis of rubella was conducted in Guangzhou from 2007 to 2009. The data were obtained from the National Disease Reporting Information System and the public emergency reporting system. Results A total of 2 054 rubella cases were reported from various areas in Guangzhou during this period with the average annual incidence of 3.71 / 100 000. The peak incidence of rubella was between March and July. The highest incidence was reported in adolescents aged 15 to 19, and woman of child bearing age accounted for 63.94% of the female cases. Most of the affected individuals were students and preschool children. The outbreak was mainly found in schools. Conclusion The epidemic of rubella in Guangzhou was serious. It is necessary to increase the rubella vaccination coverage in order to reduce the incidence of rubella.