南京紫金山4种蕨类植物不同部位总黄酮含量比较

Comparison of total flavonoids contents in different parts of four fern plants in Zijin Mountain of Nanjing

蕨类植物现存约12000种，以热带、亚热带地区分布最广。中国有蕨类植物61科223属约2600种，其中可供药用的有300余种，以华南及西南地区分布较多。据报道，药用蕨类植物具有舒筋活血、除湿镇痛、清热滑肠、止咳化痰、利尿安神、止血、驱虫、解毒、抗菌、抗癌和抗HIV等功效，其化学成分主要包含酚类、黄酮类、生物碱类、甾体及三萜类等化合物，其中黄酮类化合物是蕨类植物中广泛存在的一类成分，具有一定的分类学意义，且多具有松弛血管痉挛、抗心肌缺血、降血脂、抗肿瘤、抑菌和保肝等生理活性。

Total flavonoids contents in above and under-ground parts of four fern plants including Pteris multifida Poir., Dryopteris erythrosora （Eaton）O. Ktze, D. championii （Benth.）C. Chr. and Cyrtomiumfortunei J. Smith from Zijin Mountain of Nanjing in April were determined and compared. The results show that total flavonoids contents in under- ground parts of four fern plants all are higher than that in above-ground part. In which, total flavonoids content in underground part of C. fortunei is the highest with a mass ratio of 2.41% , that in above-ground part of D. championii is the highest with a mass ratio of 1.05% , while that in above- and under-ground parts of P. multifida are the lowest with a mass ratio of 0.31% and 0.38% , respectively. Total flavonoids contents in under-ground parts of C. fortunei and D. erythrosora respectively are 2.95 and 2.77 times of their above-ground parts with an obvious difference, so their under-ground parts can be used as materials for extracting total flavonoids.