宝石有机胶充填的探讨

Research on Polymer-Filled Gems

有机胶充填技术作为一种加工工艺,已普遍应用于宝石加工中。为进一步研究有机胶充填宝石,对来自广州荔湾广场各种宝石样品进行放大检查、紫外荧光、红外光谱研究。放大检查表明,通过内、外部的充填特征,可以确定几乎市场上常见的宝石均存在有机胶充填现象;紫外荧光测试表明,裂隙或结构间隙中分布的有机胶充填物的荧光特征,可以作为有机胶充填检测中辅助的测试;红外光谱测试表明,各种宝石中充填有机胶均属于环氧树脂类,主要存在4 060,3 060,3 035cm-1处弱的锐形吸收峰,2 970或2 962cm-1,2 929或2 935cm-1,2 870或2 865cm-1(海蓝宝石中为2 859cm-1)为中心的3处吸收峰。不同体积比例充填碧玺中:随充填物比例增加,3 056,3 034cm-1处弱的吸收峰未出现明显变化,而2 965,2 924,2 862cm-1处强的吸收峰,先变得更尖锐,随后变成平缓的吸收谷。建议将以碧玺为例提出的有机胶充填宝石净度分级标准应用于检测工作。

Polymer filling technology has been widely applied to the processing of gems. In order to further study polymer-filled gems, the authors tested the gems samples sold on Li- wan plaza from Guangzhou by magnifying inspection, ultraviolet fluorescence and infrared spectrum （IR） testing methods. Magnifying inspection on internal and external characteris- tics of fillings shows that almost all gems sold on the market are filled by polymer. Ultravio-let fluorescence results show that the fluorescence characteristics of polymer filled in the fracture and structural gap can be used as subsidiary technique for the polymer-filled gems. It is also proved that the polymer filled in gems is epoxy resin by IR. The IR spectra of poly-mer have sharp peaks about 4 060, 3 060, 3 035 cm^-1 and three stronger peaks at the center of 2 970 or 2 962 cm^-1 , 2 929 or 2 935 cm^-1 , 2 870 or 2 865 cm^-1 （2 859 cm^-1 for aquama-rine）. The IR spectra of different volume proportions of polymer filled in tourmalines show that the weak absorption peaks have no obvious change with the filling ratio increases at 3 056, 3 034 cm^-1, but the strong absorption peaks at 2 965, 2 924, 2 862 cm^-1 become more sharp, and then fall to a gentle absorption valley. The clarity grading standard for pol-ymer-filled tourmaline is suggested to apply for testing of polymer-filled gems.