应急物资配送网络构建研究

Emergency Supplies Distribution Network Construction

突发事件背景下,配送网络设计的科学性对应急物资供应的及时性有很大影响。目前研究较多的供应点直达需求点的供应网络对重大突发事件的应急救援活动的支撑,存在较多局限性。因此本文提出面向重大突发事件,构建三级供应网络的必要性,并以三级供应网络的构建问题为研究对象,将物资分配与中转站选择综合考虑,以便统筹全局,更加科学地制定方案。建立了需求模糊条件下,以单位物资运输时间最小和中转站数量最少为目标的多物资多目标优化模型。采用平均权重法处理模糊约束,通过ε约束法处理多目标,并使用Lingo软件编程实现算法。仿真实例表明提出模型和算法的有效性,从而为决策者制订分配方案和配送网络选址方案提供科学决策支撑。

Under emergency states,the design of distribution network has a significant impact on the timeliness of the supply of emergency materials.The supply network of supply points direct demand points exist many limitations for emergency relief in large scale emergency events,which is more studied at present.Therefore this paper proposes the necessity of construct of three-level supply network for large-scale emergency events,and for large-scale emergency events,research the three-level supply network,synthetically consider the distribution of supplies and selection of transfer station,so that decision-maker take the whole situation into account and formulate plan more scientifically.Based on fuzzy demands,multi-material multi-objective optimization model is proposed with the goals of the minimum transit time of unit materials and the least number of transfer stations.Use the most likely method to handle fuzzy constraints,ε constraint method to handle multi-objective,and the software Lingo to program algorithm.The simulation example shows the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm.Thus support decision-makers to make scientific decision about allocation scheme and distribution network location scheme.