棘球蚴感染长爪沙鼠诱发过敏反应的实验观察

EXPERIMENTAL OBSERVATION ON ANAPHYLAXIS INDUCED BY ECHINOCOCCUS INFECTION IN MERIONES UNGUICULATUS

[目的 ]观察棘球蚴感染长爪沙鼠诱发的过敏反应。 [方法 ]取 5 6只及 48只长爪沙鼠 ,分别腹腔接种感染细粒棘球蚴 E.g.及泡状棘球蚴 E.m.,3个月后分别用羊源新鲜囊液、羊源 E.g.粗制囊液抗原及沙鼠 E.m.抗原经腹腔注射攻击 ,观察其过敏反应。在攻击发敏前后 ,检测 Ig E抗体水平和嗜酸性粒细胞直接计数 (directeosinophilic leukocyte count,DEL C)。 [结果 ]沙鼠 E.g.和 E.m.感染率分别为 89.3%和 97.9%。各组过敏反应发生率最低为 6 2 .5 % ,最高为 10 0 %。过敏性休克发生率最低为 12 .5 % ,最高为 12 .7%。沙鼠感染 E.g.和 E.m.后 ,Ig E抗体和 DEL C水平逐渐增高 ,但攻击发敏后 Ig E抗体水平显著降低 ,DEL C显著增多。 [结论 ]E.g.和 E.m.感染沙鼠后 ,采用不同抗原攻击均可出现过敏反应或休克 ;不同抗原引起过敏反应的发生率和程度不同 ,但在感染E.g.与 E.m.沙鼠之间无显著性差异。

Objective] To observe the anaphylaxis induced by Echinococcus granulosus or E.multilocularis (E\^g\^ and E\^m\^) infection in Meriones unguiculatus. [Methods] 56 and 48 gerbils were intraperitoneally inoculated with E\^g\^ protoscoleces and E\^m\^ tissue homogenate. After three months, the anaphylactic responses initiated by intraperitoneal challenge injection with E\^g\^ cystic fluids or partially purified antigen or E\^m\^ metacestode homogenate antigen were observed. IgE antibody and direct eosinophilic leukocyte count (DELC) were detected at pre\|postchallenge. [Results] The infection rates for E.g and E\^m\^in 56 and 48 gerbils were 89\^3% and 97\^9%, respectively. Among these groups, the lowest rate of anaphylaxis was 62\^5%, the highest was 100%. The lowest rate of anaphylactic shock was 12\^5%, and the highest 16\^7%. After the gerbis were infected with E\^g\^ and E\^m\^, both IgE antibody and DELC increased gradually. At 60 min post challenge, IgE antibody level were significantly decreased, while DELC showed a sharp increase. [Conclusion] Anaphylaxis could be induced in gerbils by Echinococcus infection followed by a challenge injection. Different antigens lead to different and degrees among the anaphylactic responses in the gerbils, however, there were no significant differences between E\^g\^ and E\^m\^ infections in gerbils.