我院2009-2011年临床常见病原菌耐药分析

Analysis of Drug Resistance of Common Clinical Pathogens in Our Hospital during 2009-2011

目的:分析我院主要病原菌对抗菌药物的耐药情况,为临床应用抗菌药物提供参考。方法:对我院2009-2011年临床分离病原菌的耐药性进行回顾性分析。结果:临床分离的8898株病原菌中,革兰阴性菌占59.0%,革兰阳性菌占25.6%,真菌占15.4%。分离数列前6位的病原菌分别为:大肠埃希菌(17.6%)、白色念珠菌(10.5%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(10.4%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(7.7%)、鲍曼不动杆菌(6.8%)、铜绿假单胞菌(5.9%)。革兰阴性菌对亚胺培南、阿米卡星、头孢吡肟、氨曲南敏感,对氨苄西林、头孢唑林耐药率高;革兰阳性菌对万古霉素、氯霉素敏感;白色念珠菌对氟胞嘧啶、伏立康唑、氟康唑敏感。结论:应加强病原菌耐药性监测;临床用药应结合药敏试验结果,合理选择抗菌药物,防止或减缓耐药菌株的产生。

To analyze the drug resistance of the main pathogens in our hospital, and to provide reference for use of antimicrobial agents. METHODS： Drug resistance of clinical pathogens in our hospital during 2009-2011 was retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS： Among 8 898 strains of isolated pathogens, Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 59.0%, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 25.6% and fungi accounted for 15.4%. Top 6 pathogens were Escherichia coli （17.6%）, Candida albicans （ 10.5% ）, Klebsiella pneumoniae （ 10.4% ）, Staphylococcus aureus （7.7%）, Acinetobacter bauman （6.8%）, Pseudomonas aeruginosu （5.9%）. Gram-negative bacteria were mostly sensitive to imipenem, amikacin, cefepime, aztreonam, and Gram-negative bacteria were highly resistant to ampicillin and cefazolin; Gram-positive bacteria were mostly sensitive to vancomycin and chloramphenicol; and Candida albicans were mostly sensitive to flucytosine, voriconazole, flaconazole. CONCLUSION： We should enhance surveillance of drugs resistance of pathogens. Antimicrobials should be used rationally on the basis of drug susceptibility test to prevent or delay the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria.