不同栽培措施对野生大百合生长和开花的影响

Effects of Different Cultivation Measures on the Growth and the Flowering Characteristics of Cardiocrinum giganteum

以野生大百合为试材,研究了不同栽培基质、施肥配方和遮荫度对野生大百合生长及开花的影响。结果表明:野生大百合在40%园土+30%珍珠岩+30%腐殖土的基质上生长最好,施肥以N∶P∶K=2∶2∶3的配比最好,在遮荫度为45%的情况下具有相对较高的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度,胞间CO2浓度较低。综合分析认为,好的基质、合理施肥以及适度遮荫是野生大百合驯化成功的关键。

Taking Cardiocrinum giganteum as test materials,the effects of different substrates,different fertilizer proportions and different shades on the growth and the flowering characteristics of Cardiocrinum giganteum were studied.The results showed that the average plant height,flower number per plant,inflorescence length,flowering period of substrate 4（40% garden soil＋30% perlite＋30% humus soil） were the highest,the growth and flowering characteristics of Cardiocrinum giganteum plants fertilized with N∶P∶K=2∶2∶3proportion were the best.In addition,under the 45%shading treatment,Cardiocrinum giganteum had high relative growth rate,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance and low concentration of intercellular CO 2,and the physiological characteristics of Cardiocrinum giganteum were generally better than full sunlight treatment or in 70% shading treatment.While excessive shade made a low photosynthetic rate,and reduced the growth.Therefore,the reasonable cultivation measurements of good matrix,rational fertilization and moderate shading were the keys for introduction and domestication of Cardiocrinum giganteum.