浸入式金属自显影技术检测游离锌离子在人脑外伤、急性脑缺血、癫痫后神经元中的异常聚集

Abnormal accumulation of free zinc ions in neurons of patients after traumatic brain injury/acuteischemia/epilepsy by immersion autometallography

目的研究游离锌离子在脑外伤、急性脑缺血和癫痫患者神经元中的分布，为探讨锌离子是否参与上述疾病的神经元损伤提供形态学证据。方法于南京军区南京总医院神经外科手术台上直接采集3例脑缺血标本、3例癫痫标本、5例脑外伤标本和5例相对正常新鲜皮层标本，应用浸入式金属自显影方法检测标本中的锌离子分布，应用HE染色观察神经元形态学变化。结果脑外伤、急性脑缺血和癫痫患者皮层神经元内聚集了大量的锌离子，阳性反应产物主要位于含锌神经元的胞体和轴突终末，胶质细胞中未见明显着色。在正常皮层未见阳性反应产物沉积。进一步的HE染色提示这些富含锌的神经元呈明显损伤样外观。结论锌离子可能在脑外伤、急性脑缺血和癫痫的神经元损伤中起重要作用，参与这些疾病的病理生理过程。

Objective To study the distributions of flee zinc ions in the neurons of patients after traumatic brain injury/acute ischemia/epilepsy and to provide morphological evidence of involvement of zinc ions in the neuronal injury. Methods Fresh cortex specimens from patients suffered from brain trauma （n=5）, acute ischemia （n=3） and epilepsy（n=3） were collected during the surgeries. Immersion autometallograpby was used to detect the free zinc ions in the neurons, and HE staining was employed to observe the morphological changes of the neurons. Results Pathological zinc accumulation was extensively presented in the neurons of patients after ischemia, epilepsy and mechanical head trauma. Zinc-positive products were predominantly located in the neural bodies and the axon terminals, and could not be seen in the glial cells and the neurons of normal cortex. HE staining indicated that apparently damaged neurons were observed in all of the brain regions with zinc ions labeled neuronal somata. Conclusion zinc ions might play important roles in the neurons of patients after brain trauma, acute ischemia and epilepsy and be actively involved in these acute neural pathological processes.