4种植物水浸提液对乌丹蒿的化感作用研究

Allelopathy of Aqueous Extracts from Four Species Plants on Artemisia wudanica

分布于科尔沁沙地西部的固沙先锋植物乌丹蒿近些年呈现出衰退趋势。本研究选取了该地区3种主要飞播植物白沙蒿、柠条、羊柴以及乌丹蒿自身进行了化感作用的研究,结果表明:3种飞播植物及乌丹蒿自身的水浸提液对乌丹蒿的生长均有不同程度的化感作用,并且不同部位(根、叶、果皮或总苞片)中存在的化感物质的作用不同。主要表现为:乌丹蒿种子的萌发率在各供体的根浸提液中均下降,除羊柴外均达到显著,白沙蒿总苞片和羊柴果皮浸提液也有着同样的结果,而乌丹蒿叶浸提液则有一定的促进作用;4种植物不同部位的水浸提液对乌丹蒿种子发芽速度及幼根的生长均有显著的抑制作用。从综合效应来看,4种植物对乌丹蒿均有抑制作用,抑制作用由强到弱的顺序为:白沙蒿>柠条>乌丹蒿>羊柴。

Sand-fixing pioneer plant Artemisia wudanica that distributed in the western part of Horqin sandy land showed a declining trend in recent years.Three main aerial seeding plants A.sphaerocephala,Caragana korshinskii,Hedysarum leave and A.wudanica itself were selected to study allelopathy.The results showed that： the aqueous extracts of three aerial seeding plants and A.wudanica itself all had different allelopathy on the growth of A.wudanica,and allelochemicals in different parts（root,leaf,peel or bracts） had different functions.Furthermore,the germination rates of A.wudanica seeds in the root aqueous extracts of all donor plants were significantly declined except H.leave.A.sphaerocephala bracts and H.laeve peel aqueous extracts also had the same result,while the leaf extract of A.wudanica had promoting effect.The aqueous extracts from different parts of four species had obvious inhibitory effects on A.wudanica seed germination speed and root growth.By synthetical effect,four species all had inhibitory effects,the order of inhibitory effects from strong to weak was as follows： A.sphaerocephalaC.korshinskiiA.wudanicaH.laeve.