食物对棉铃虫生长发育及繁殖的影响

Effects of different foods on growth,development and reproduction of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)

用棉花、花生、玉米及人工饲料作为食料 ,模拟幼虫田间取食习性 ,同时为雌蛾设立补充和无补充营养两个处理 ,研究了食物对棉铃虫Helicoverpaarmigera (H櫣ｂｎｅｒ)生长发育及繁殖的影响。 4种食料组幼虫历期之间有显著差异 ;雌、雄蛹重花生组显著小于其余三组。雌蛾腹部干重及其脂肪百分含量与雌蛹体重的排列顺序一样 ,雌蛾腹部干重人工饲料组显著大于棉花组和花生组。雌蛾寿命和繁殖受幼虫食料和成虫食物的双重影响。喂 10 %蜂蜜时 ,雌蛾寿命、交配率和产卵量在四个幼虫食料组之间没有显著差异。但喂以清水时 ,花生组雌蛾均未交配 ,寿命和产卵量显著小于其余三组。从同种幼虫食料来看 ,除人工饲料组外 ,其余 3组雌蛾喂清水时的产卵量和寿命均比喂 10 %蜂蜜溶液时的显著下降。基于这些结果 ,作者认为棉花、玉米比花生更适合于棉铃虫的生长发育和繁殖。在田间自然栽培状态下 ,不同食料植物的糖分含量对棉铃虫生长发育和繁殖影响较大 。

Effects of foods on growth, development and reproduction of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), were investigated by simulating larval feeding habits, using cotton, peanut, corn and artificial diet as larval foods, and either providing supplementary food or not for female moths. Differences among larval durations were significant, while no significant difference in pupal duration were detected. The larvae reared on peanut produced significantly smaller pupae than those on the other 3 foods. Abdomen dry weight and fat content of the female moths from larvae on the 4 foods had the same order as female pupal weight did, with abdomens of the female moths from the caterpillars on artificial diet being significantly heavier than those from cotton and peanut groups. When fed with 10% honey solution, longevity, mating rate, and fecundity were not significantly different among the female moths from the 4 larval foods. However, when fed with water only, all the female moths from larvae fed on peanut failed to mate, lived significantly shorter and deposited significantly fewer eggs than the other 3 groups of females that showed no significant difference in these parameters. With respect to adult food treatments, supplementary nutrition of 10% honey solution contributed a little to performance of the females from the larvae fed on artificial diet, whereas it significantly increased longevity and fecundity of those females from the other 3 larval foods . These results suggest that peanut must be less suitable for development and reproduction of the cotton bollworm as compared with cotton and corn. In the field, sugar content in larval food plants seems to be a significant factor influencing development and reproduction of this insect species, and N variation in host plants may be less important for them.