蕲蛇酶(Acutobin)对家兔及大鼠血小板超微结构的影响

Effects of Acutobin on the Ultrastructure of Rabbit and Rat Platelets

目的 应用电镜研究蕲蛇酶对血小板超微结构的影响以探讨用药后血小板减少的原因。 方法 ( 1 )家兔 ( N =6)静脉注射蕲蛇酶前及注射蕲蛇酶 ( 1 AU/kg及 3 AU/kg)后 4 h心脏采血 ,制备血小板标本及超薄切片 ,同时摘取脾及肺按常规制作超薄切片 ,进行电镜观察 ;( 2 )大鼠 ( N =4 )腹腔注射蕲蛇酶 3 AU /kg后分别于 2、8、1 6及 2 4 h摘取脾脏、肺脏制作标本进行电镜观察。 结果 蕲蛇酶 1 AU/kg静脉注射组的家兔 ,血小板表面伸出少数伪足 ,个别凝集或粘连。但内部结构如致密体、α-颗粒、线粒体、开放小管及致密小管系统仍明显可见。 ( 3 AU/kg)剂量组血小板伸出许多突起 ,内部结构大量消失 ,仅见致密小体 ,提示血小板被活化。同时在家兔和大鼠脾脏中见有大量活化变态、内部结构消失的血小板 ,提示血小板活化并被阻隔于脾脏。 结论 蕲蛇酶静脉注射于家兔 ,治疗量对血小板无伤害作用 ,但剂量加大则可使血小板活化 ,脱颗粒终于破坏而被阻隔在脾脏内 ,导致外周血液中血小板计数降低。

Objective To study the effects of Acutobin on the ultrastructure of rabbit and rat platelets by electron microscope(EM) for considering the cause of lowering of platelets count during medication Methods 1 Before and 4 hours after Acutobin 1 and 3 AU/kg iv were injected into rabbits(N=6),blood was drawn by heart puncture and platelet spcimens were prepared into ultrathin sections routinely,the spleen and lung ultrathin sections were also prepared simultaneously 2 After Acutobin 3AU/kg ip injection into rats(N=4),the spleen and lung ultrathin sections were prepared at 2,8,16,and 24h respectively Results  In Acutobin 1AU/kg rabbits group, most of the platelets protruded pseudopods, some aggregated or adhered mutually,but the inner structures such as dense bodies,α granules,mitochondria,open canalicular and dense tubular system appeared normal In Acutobin 3AU/kg group,the platelets not only many pseudopods protruded,but most of the inner cell organellae disappeared,only some dense granules were preserved It suggested that the platelets were activated In rabbits and rats,at the same time,a great number of platelets were converged into spleen,degranulated and changed their shape Conclusion In therapeutic dose of Acutobin there was not any injury to the platelets but when dose was higher the platelets would be degranulated,than retarded by spleen,so the platelets counts of peripheral blood lowered