救亡图存视域下民众觉醒原因的内外考量——以华北事变期间为中心

The Internal and External Causes of the Populace Awakening in the Background of Salvation——Centered on the Time of North China Incident

在救亡图存视域下审视近代中国的社会运动,可以发现,凡是民众觉醒得越坚决、越彻底,民众的觉悟程度越高,运动则越容易成功;反之则大多不能摆脱彻底失败或部分失败的结局。而考之民众觉醒的整个历程,华北事变所起的作用巨大。就华北事变时期的民众觉醒的促发因子而言,于外主要有两个:一是日本对华北的逐步侵蚀和南京国民政府的步步妥协,二是中国共产党的抗日主张对民众的启蒙影响;于内则主要在于民众亲身的亡家之痛与亡国之患,以及对华北时局的深刻体认,也即民众的真正觉醒是其自身认识升华的结果。

While we survey the social movement of Modern China in the background of salvation,we can see that the more determined and thorough the populace awakening is,the more possibly the movement succeeds.Otherwise,the movement will result in complete failure or partial failure.The North China Incident has played an important part in the whole process of the populace awakening.There are several causes for the populace awakening during the time of North China Incident.The two main external causes are： the Japanese gradual invasion and the compromise of Nanjing national government;the anti-Japanese ideas enlightened by the Communist Party of China to the Chinese populace.The main internal cause：the sufferings of losing home and country and the deep acknowledgement of the North China situation.In other words,the real awakening of the populace results in the distillation of their understanding.