摘要
以新-新贸易理论为基础,本文重新考察了中国进出口企业的工资溢价问题。研究结果显示,中国进出口企业的工资溢价存在非对称性。出口企业或进口企业具有明显促进职工实际工资增长的作用,符合工资溢价特征,但进口型出口企业提高职工实际报酬的作用不显著,不存在工资溢价,且上述结论在控制企业生产能力、经营年限、地理位置、所有制结构和样本配对的稳健性检验中都是成立的。进口型出口企业不具备工资溢价的原因,既与企业生产率水平不高有关,也与进出口贸易的双重成本有关。尽管进出口贸易在我国经济发展中起到重要作用,但本文从微观层面发现,中国进口型出口企业仍需要尽快提高生产率水平,以便更好地促进劳动力实际报酬的增长。
Based on New - new trade theory, we analyzed export and import firms＇ wage premium in China. Using China＇ s manufacturing firm - level data of World Bank, this paper found that it had an asymmetric impact on wage between trade firms. When the firms exported, the workers＇ wage must be increased. When the firms imported, workers＇ wage also became higher. But when firms exported after they imported intermediate products, there was no evidence to show workers＇ wage would be higher than others. These evidences illustrated that the import and export firms had no wage premium. After controlling utilized production capacity, established time, geographic location and ownership, the results were still valid. Despite the fact that the trade plays an important role in China＇ s economic development, there is no evidence supporting that the firm ＇ s export and import behavior will raise the workers ＇ wage.
出处
《经济评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第1期96-105,共10页
Economic Review
