马克思“重建个人所有制”再辨析——兼评王成稼的解读

Re-analysis of Marxist Idea of "Rebuilding Individual Ownership"——Comment on Wang ChengJia's Interpretation

马克思的个人所有制与公有制或社会所有制相统一,讲公有制或社会所有制,是从社会整体即"共同体"着眼;讲个人所有制,则是从组成为"共同体"的每个劳动者个人着眼。每个劳动者都是所有者集体中的一分子,都是与公有制利益相关的主人翁。如果社会主义公有制的共同利益不能实现为劳动者的个人利益,就不是社会主义所要求的公有制。如果国家所有制名为全民所有制,但与社会成员的个人利益无关,国有经济的发展不能惠及广大劳动者个人,就徒有"全民所有"其名。

Marxist idea about individual ownership is in consistency with public ownership or social ownership. The discussion of public ownership or social ownership proceeds from the perspective of the entirety of society or the ＂common- wealth＂, while the discussion of individual ownership takes into account each laborer that constitutes the ＂commonwealth＂. Each laborer is a part of the ＂Community＂ of owners, is a major player related to the public ownership. If the common in- terests of the socialist public ownership can not achieve individual interests for laborers, it cannot be called true socialist public ownership. If the state ownership exists just in a nominal manner, having nothing to do with the individual interests of the members of society, and the development of state-owned economy cannot benefit the majority of individual laborers, the ＂public ownership＂ has lost all of its essential meanings.