从协作走向合作的理论证明

Theoretical Testimony to Possibility of Moving from Collaboration to Cooperation

人类社会发展的奥秘就在于人们能够在应对一些个人无法应对的问题时采取共同行动,人类共同行动的进化史也就是一部社会文明化的历史。在人的共同行动中,是一直包含着合作的内容的。不过,如果对合作进行分析的话,则可以发现其有着不同的形式和不同的境界,有一个从互助到协作再到合作的进化过程。互助是一种较为原始的合作方式,具有感性的特征。而协作则是互助的进化,是从属于工具理性的,具有科学化、技术化的特征。至于合作,则是一种高于协作的共同行动模式。合作是建立在经验理性的基础上的,是在人类社会走上了全球化、后工业化进程时推展出来的一种共同行动模式。

The key to the development of human society lies in the fact that people can take concerted actions to ad- dress issues that are beyond individual capacity, and the evolution history of concerted human actions forms the history of civilization of our society. These actions always include cooperative content. However, by analyzing the content of coopera- tion itself, we can find there are different forms and levels of cooperation, which follow the evolution order from mutual help via collaboration to cooperation. Mutual help is a relatively primitive form of cooperation, which shows emotional traits. Collaboration shows evolution in cooperation, following instrumental rationality, with features of science and technology. In terms of cooperation, it is the form of concerted actions above collaboration. Cooperation is based on experience rationality, and refers to the new mode of concerted actions after mankind entered the era of globalization and post-industrialization.