典型危险废物的工程力学特性

Engineering mechanical properties of typical hazardous wastes

掌握填埋废物的工程力学特性是确保危险废物填埋堆体稳定性的重要前提条件,因此,针对6种典型危险废物的工程力学特性开展了调查研究。研究结果表明,污泥类危险废物的含水率和有机质含量远高于非污泥类危险废物,而前者的比重则显著低于后者。污泥类危险废物的渗透系数相对较小,比污染土壤和飞灰炉渣混合物的渗透系数小1个数量级,比滤池填料的渗透系数小2个数量级。不同危险废物的无侧限抗压强度排序为:飞灰炉渣混合物(314.3 kPa)和滤池填料(278.9 kPa)>污染土壤(124.9 kPa)>杭州氧气厂污泥(68.6 kPa)、锌铬污泥(71.4 kPa)、油泥(58.4 kPa)。不同危险废物的粘聚力排序为:飞灰炉渣混合物(40.8 kPa)、滤池填料(31.1 kPa)>污染土壤(20.9 kPa)>杭州氧气厂污泥(1.94kPa)、锌铬污泥(3.10 kPa)、油泥(1.81 kPa)。此外,不同危险废物的内摩擦角差异相对较小,其变化范围在18.8°～35.0°之间。综合分析可知,飞灰炉渣混合物和滤池填料的工程力学特性较好,而污泥类危险废物的工程力学特性则较差。

Understanding engineering mechanical properties of the landfill waste is an important premise condition to ensure the stability of the hazardous waste landfill body. Engineering mechanical properties of six typical hazardous waste samples were investigated. The results show that the water contents and organic matter contents of sludge-class hazardous waste are much higher than that of non-sludge-class hazardous wastes, but the specific gravity of the former is significantly lower than that of the latter. Permeability coefficient for sludge-class hazardous waste is relatively small, which is an order of magnitude smaller than that of contaminated soil and fly ash / slag mixture, and two orders of magnitude smaller than that of filter filling materials. Unconfined compres- sive strength for different hazardous wastes are： fly ash / slag mixture （314. 3 kPa） and filter filling materials （278.9 kPa） 〉 contaminated soil （124.9 kPa） 〉 Hangzhou Oxygen Plant sludge （68.6 kPa）, zinc / chrome sludge （71.4 kPa）, oil sludge （58.4 kPa）. Cohesion value lists of different hazardous wastes are： fly ash / slag mixture （40. 8 kPa）, filter filling materials （31.1 kPa） 〉 contaminated soil （20.9 kPa） 〉 Hangzhou Ox- ygen Plant sludge （1.94 kPa） , zinc / chrome sludge （3.10 kPa） , oil sludge （1.81 kPa）. In addition, inter- nal friction angle differences of different hazardous wastes are relatively small, its change in the range of 18.8° to 35.0°. Comprehensive analysis, engineering mechanical properties for the fly ash / slag mixture and filter filling materials are better, and engineering mechanical properties for the sludge-class hazardous wastes are poor.