RNA干扰及其在果树上的应用

RNA Interference and Its Application in Fruit Trees

RNA干扰是广泛存在于生物中的一种现象,它是由小干扰RNA诱导的特异基因沉默。它是生物体抵抗异常的一种防御机制,同时在生物生长发育过程中调控基因的表达,为植物基因功能的研究开辟了新途径。综述了RNA干扰的作用机制、RNA干扰的特点,以及近年来RNA干扰在果树生长发育、抗病性、果实品质改良等方面的应用,以期为RNA干扰技术在果实品种品质改良中的应用提供指导。

RNA interference, which widely exists in organisms, is a phenomenon of specific gene silencing by small interfering RNA- induced. RNA interference is a biological self-protective mechanism resisting to abnormal RNA. However, it also regulates gene expression in the process of growth and development. So it has opened up new avenues on research of plant gene function. This review summarizes the mechanism and characteristic of RNA interference. Meanwhile, it also focuses on applications of RNA interference in growth and development, disease resistance, and fruit quality improvement of fruit trees in recent years, which will provide more guidance for further studies on breeding and quality improvement of fruit.