《德意志意识形态》中的文化观及其发展

Cultural Perspective and Development of The German Ideology

《德意志意识形态》是马克思、恩格斯共同撰写的第二部著作。其中包含了诸多精彩、丰富的科学观念与理论,文化观就是其中重要的方面。在《德意志意识形态》中,文化观有着特殊的内涵,即意识形态。马克思、恩格斯是通过对德意志意识形态的批判、对一般意识形态的批判来表达自身文化观的,主要包括现实性主体、实践性基础、继承性发展、阶级性阶段、世界性归宿、创造性过程、独立性相对、利益性归属及研究文化的方法等具体内容。这一理论对西方马克思主义者尤其是卢卡奇和葛兰西产生了重要的影响并得到了积极的发展。同时,这些理论成果对我国文化建设具有很强的理论意义和现实启示。

The German Ideology is the second book co-authored by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.It contains abundant scientific views and theories,among which the cultural perspective is of great importance.In this book,cultural perspective particularly means ideology.Through the critical analysis of German ideology and general ideology,Marx and Engels express their own cultural perspective which includes subjectivity,practical fundation,adaptive development,world end-result,creative process,independent relevence etc.and methods for cultural studies.This cultural perspective has performed significant influence upon Marxists,especially Lukacs and Gramsci,and shown a positive development.It also has theoretic and practical inspiration for Chiese cultural construction.