胆道术后体液中钾、钠、氯、钙、磷、镁的分布观察

Observation of lons Distribution of Potassium efc in Body Fluids in Postoperative Cases of Biliary Tract

对52例胆道术后患者测定了红细胞内钾和血清、24h尿、胆汁中钾、钠、氯、钙、磷、镁。发现电解质紊乱的特点是低钾血症较多(61.5%)。低钾时,肾肝的调节作用明显大于血钾正常者。血钾正常而尿及胆汁钾降低是低钾血症的前兆。术后早期补钾不应忽视。血中钠、氟、钙、磷、镁均保持在正常范围,但在尿中均降低,这是肾脏和机体调节的结果。术后每日补适量氯化钠可防止低钠、低氟血症发生。术后常规补钙、磷尚无必要。对长期禁食者应少量补镁。

Potassium in red blood corpuscls, and potassium, sodium, chlorine, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium concentrations in the blood, 24h urine and bile were determined in 52 cases after biliary tract operations. The hypokalemia was more high in incidence and presenting as the characteristic of the electrolytes disorder (61.5%). When hypokalemia persisted, the patient's regulative functions of kindney and liver are more high than that of potassium normal ones. A normal level of potassium in serum but a low level in urine and bile were suggested as an presymptom of hypokalemia. It seems to be necessary to supply the potassium post operation as early as possible. The sodium, chlorine, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium in blood were kept in normal ranges but low in urine, which is a result of regulation of kindney and liver. Sodium chloride needed to be given every day in order to avoid the tendency of hyponatremia and hypochloremia. It was not necessary to supply calcium and phosphorus post operation routinely. A small dose of magnesium may be given for long-term fast patients.