不同时间阻断三维发球和知觉动作匹配程度对网球接发球的影响

Influence of Different Time Blocking 3D Serving Video and Perception-Action Coupling Level on Tennis Returning Serve Performance

旨在探讨不同时间阻断视频对网球运动员接发球预判准确率和反应时的影响,并考察知觉动作匹配程度(按键反应、动作反应)对运动员接发球的影响。25名男性被试有偿参加试验,包括专家组(7名一级运动员)、中等水平组(10名二级运动员)和新手组(8名业余爱好者)。结果表明:随着时间阻断的增加,预判准确率上升,反应时缩短,专家组的预判准确率和反应时显著优于中等水平组和新手组;按键反应的准确率高于动作反应时的准确率,但反应时长于动作反应的反应时,专家组的动作反应时和准确率明显优于新手组;与新手组相比,专家组的接发球反应时多集中在最佳接发球时间区域,对接发球时机的判断更准确。

We mainly investigated the influence of different temporal occlusion 3D videos on tennis players＇ anticipation accuracy and reaction time, and we also investigated the influence of perception-action coupling level on the performance of returning serve reaction time. Twenty-five male tennis players took part in the experiments, including expert group （seven national level-1 athletes）, medium level group （ten national level-2 athletes）, and novice group （eight tennis amateurs）. The results showed that： （1） With the increase of time block, anticipation accuracy increased, reaction time decreased; the anticipation accuracy and reaction time of expert group is significantly better than that of medium level group or novice group; （2） The anticipation accuracy of key press action is higher than that of motor reaction condition, but the reaction time is longer than motor reaction condition. Obviously, motor reaction time and accuracy of expert are better than novice group; （3） Compared with novice group, expert group＇s returning serve time is closer to optical time zone. That is to say, it is more precise to anticipate the returning serve time for national level-1 athletes.