2010-2011年深圳世界大学生运动会相关场所主要病媒生物监测结果分析

Analysis of surveillance results of main vectors in Shenzhen Universiade venues from 2010 to 2011

目的 2010-2011年通过对大学生运动会(大运会)相关场所主要病媒生物进行监测,掌握病媒生物的种群分布和密度消长情况,为病媒生物控制提供科学依据。方法成蚊监测采用CO2诱蚊灯法,伊蚊专项监测采用诱蚊诱卵器法,蝇类、鼠类监测采用笼诱法,蜚蠊监测采用粘捕法。结果大运会场馆蚊虫的优势种为淡色库蚊,占捕获总数的89.47%(476/532);蝇类优势种为大头金蝇,占捕获总数的37.83%(2428/6419),铜绿蝇占19.16%(1230/6419),棕尾别麻蝇占17.36%(1114/6419);鼠类优势种为褐家鼠,占捕获总数的88.37%(38/43);蜚蠊优势种为德国小蠊,占捕获总数的97.15%(477/491)。2011年主要病媒生物密度与2010年相比下降显著,在大运会期间均处于低密度水平,成蚊密度下降20.55%,伊蚊诱卵指数下降77.70%,蝇密度下降91.29%,鼠密度下降44.38%,蜚蠊密度下降73.10%。结论及时开展监测和控制使得大运会相关场所主要病媒生物密度大幅度下降,确保了大运会不受病媒生物危害影响。

Objective To surveil the population distribution and density fluctuation of the main vectors in Shenzhen Universiade venues from 2010 to 2011,and to provide a scientific basis for controlling vectors.Methods The CO2 light trap was used for the surveillance of adult mosquitoes,the mosq-ovitrap for Aedes albopictus,the cage for flies and rats,and sticky board for cockroaches.Results Culex pipiens pallens was the dominant species of mosquitoes caught in Shenzhen Universiade venues,accounting for 89.47%（476/532）,and Ae.albopictus accounted for 9.96% of all caught mosquitoes.The dominant species of caught flies was Chrysomya megacephala（37.83%,2428/6419）,followed by Lucilia cuprina（19.16%,1230/6419）,and Boettcherisca peregrina（17.36%,1114/6419）.Rattus norvegicus was the dominant species of caught rats,accounting for 88.37%（38/43）.Blattella germanica was the dominant species of caught cockroaches,accounting for 97.15%（477/491）.Compared with the data obtained in 2010,the densities of main vectors decreased significantly in 2011.During the Universiade held in Shenzhen,the densities of main vectors were kept at low levels.The density of adult mosquitoes decreased by 20.55%,and the mosquito and oviposition positive index of Ae.albopictus decreased by 77.70%,and the densities of flies,rats,and cockroaches decreased by 91.29%,44.38%,and 73.10%,respectively.Conclusion Surveillance and control significantly decreased the densities of the main vectors in Shenzhen Universiade venues and prevented the adverse effects of vectors during Universiade.