黄瓜新品种塑料大棚夏秋栽培评价与筛选

Evaluation and Screening of Cucumber New Cultivars Grown in Summer-autumn Season under Plastic Tunnel

针对当地夏秋黄瓜市场和生产淡季问题,从国内外引进12个黄瓜新品种,在陕西杨凌塑料大棚内进行夏秋季节栽培比较试验,从农艺性状、抗病性、产量和品质等构成因素方面综合评价,旨在为夏秋塑料大棚黄瓜生产提供品种选择依据。结果表明,密刺型黄瓜博美1号比同类型对照品种博耐13B(CK1)幼苗和成株长势稍强,抗病性、产量和商品性相近,可溶性糖和蛋白质等营养品质指标及口感更优,可以在生产中示范应用。光皮型黄瓜中,北斗星的幼苗和成株生长与同类型对照品种戴多星(CK2)接近,夏之光长势和抗病性稍强,瓜较长较粗,北斗星稍短稍细,三者产量无显著差异,品质基本接近,但北斗星口味稍淡,生产中可以示范夏之光。La Diva、Camilla和Burpless Tasty Green因雌花数极少,商品产量极低,不宜在当地栽培。4个杂交组合较CK2成株长势强,抗病性强,果实蛋白质和维生素C含量相近或稍高,但只有delt-4×Fch5产量较高,且与CK2无显著差异,可以生产示范。

To solve the problem of summer-autumn cucumber shortage in market and production of local area,12 cucumber new cultivars were introduced home and abroad and cultivated in plastic tunnel in Yangling Shaanxi,for comparation and evaluation acording to their performance on agrinomic traits,disease resitance,yield and quality in order to supply a fundation for cultivar selection in cucumber production.The results showed that the thick-thorn type cultivar Bomei 1grew stronger at seedling stage and full fruiting stage,behivered similar in disease resistance,yield and commodity but better in soluble sugar and protein content and taste compared to the control cv.Bonai 13B（CK1）.It can be grown for production demonstration.Among the light skin type cultivars（hybrid combination）,cv.Dipper grew similar to the control Deltasta（CK2） at seedling stage and full fruiting stage.Cv.Sunstar performed better in growth and disease resistance,and its fruit was longer and thicker but the fruit of cv.Dipper was shorter and thiner compared to CK2.The yield presented no significant difference and the quality was almost similar among the two cultivars and CK2 but cv.Dipper tasted lighter.Therefore,cv.Sunstar can be grown for further production demonstration.Cvs.La Diva,Camilla and Burpless Tasty Green had very few female flowers and produced almost no commerencal yield.They are not suitable to grow local.The four hybrid combinations grew stronger at full fruiting stage and appeared more resistant to disease compared to CK2,and the protein and vitamin C contents of their fruit were similar or higher than CK2.As for yield,only delt-4×Fch5 was higher and showed no significant difference to CK2.Therefore,hybrid combination delt-4×Fch5 can be further domonstrated in production.