供应物流二维协同理论及其实现途径实证研究

Two-dimensional Supply Logistics Synchronization Theory and Empirical Study of Implementation Approaches

加工装配式供应链中,零部件加工和产品装配往往在不同地区进行,制造商所需的零部件种类多,而且是相关性需求,又无法集中控制所有的供应商,造成供应物流管理困难。在企业调研、文献研究和专家访谈的基础上,提出供应物流二维协同理论,注重多个供应商与下游制造商的协同,同时考虑各个供应商之间相互配合,共同满足下游制造商的需求;设计供应物流协同指标,分为供应商与制造商协同、供应商之间协同、物流服务能力3个方面;经过小样本测试修正协同指标,与中国制造业信息化门户网站e-works合作,发放问卷收集数据,采用验证性因子分析和结构方程模型进行统计分析。研究结果表明,供应物流二维协同理论结构和指标具有良好的信度和效度,协同指标显示了企业提高供应物流协同水平的途径。

In the processing and assembly supply chain, manufacturers demand and the supply logistics management is difficult because of separation of component processing and assembly places, demands of variety of related components and the difficulties to centralize and control all suppliers. A two-dimensional supply logistics synchronization theory is proposed based on enterprise investigation, literature review and experts interview. It considers not only the synchronization between multiple suppliers and downstream manufacturers, but also the collaboration between the various suppliers in order to meet the needs of downstream manufacturers. The indicators to measure supply logistics synchronization was developed including 3 dimensions： suppliers and manufacturers synchronization, synchronization among suppliers and logistics service capability. After revising the indicators by a pilot study, we cooperated with the e-works site to collect data using survey methods. By using the confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling to test and validate the indicators, the results revealed the theory structure and indicators of sup- ply logistics synchronization have a good validity and reliabihty, and the indicators represent the ways of to improve supply logis- tics synchronization.