Y染色体微缺失与辅助生殖技术关系的研究进展

Progression of Y Chromosome Microdeletion and Assisted Reproductive Technology

Y染色体是男性特有的染色体,其长臂上的无精子因子(AZF)区域具与男性不育密切相关的基因,目前将该区域分为AZFa、AZFb、AZFc和AZFd4个区域。AZF缺失是导致男性不育的重要因素之一,可以通过辅助生殖技术(ART)遗传给下一代引起不育。研究Y染色体微缺失分类与表型关系,可以为临床治疗各种男性不育症提供分子或细胞水平的依据。Y染色体微缺失发生频率存在种族差异性;目前Y染色体微缺失的检测方法仍然以多重PCR为主;对于ICSI助孕的男性后代是否会出现新发Y染色体微缺失仍然存在争论。

Y chromosome is the specific chromosome of male, azoospermia factor （AZF） in the long arm has genes relating with male infertility. There are four AZF regions, AZFa, AZFb, AZFc and AZFd and their candi- date genes. AZF deletion is one of the most important agents leading to male infertility and can be transmitted to the male offspring by ART. Y chromosome and AZF classification and its relationship with phenotype can provide molecular or cellular evidence to the male infertility. Ethnicity-specific STSs exists in Y chromosome microdeletion. Multiplex PCR is the usual test method of Y chromosome microdeletion. Debate on the Y chromosome microdeletion of ICSI male offspring is persistent.