北京市无痛人工流产育龄妇女接受流产服务的现状调查

Survey on Situation of Abortion Service among Women of Reproductive Age Seeking Painless Induced Abortion in Beijing

目的:了解选择行无痛人工流产术的育龄妇女接受流产服务的现状。方法:采用分层随机抽样的方法在北京市18个区县中抽取6个区县的18家开展计划生育技术服务的医疗机构,在门诊对早孕后选择终止妊娠的育龄妇女进行问卷调查。结果:在至少有1次流产史的1 005例行无痛人工流产调查对象中,前次流产有49.2%的人选择了无痛人工流产,在前次流产时有77.9%接受了避孕宣传教育,只有50.1%获得了避孕药具,前次流产告知流产后需避孕者其流产后首次性生活避孕的比例明显高于未告知者,而且提供避孕宣传教育服务与流产的地点有关。本次流产83.6%为意外妊娠,外地户籍、大学或大专学历、收入>3 000元、丈夫或性伴年龄<25岁的育龄妇女选择无痛人工流产的比例较高,选择无痛人工流产的育龄妇女中有29.0%存在高危因素,仅有61.9%被告知无痛人工流产可能发生并发症。结论:无痛人工流产育龄妇女高危流产的比例较高,其流产前、后获得的知识和信息不足,应开展多种形式的生殖健康知识宣传教育,落实避孕措施,减少非意愿妊娠。

Objective： To learn the situation of induced abortion services providing to the reproductive agedwomen who selected painless induced abortion. Methods： Eighteen hospitals which provided family planning services scattered in 6 districts were stratified randomly sampled. Questionnaire was performed to early pregnant women who wanted to terminate pregnancy in these clinics. Results： For the previous induced abortion, 49.2% selected painless induced abortion and 77.9% of them received contraceptive counseling before or after the abortion in 1 005 respondents of painless induced abortion. But only half of them were provided with contraceptive methods. Ratio of women who use contraceptive methods in those being told to use contraception for the first sexual intercourse after induced abortion was much higher than those who didn＇t, while the counseling providing was related to the hospital where women received the services. As for the induced abortion this time, 83.6% was unwanted pregnancy. Ratio of women who selected painless induced abortion was higher among the group of migrant women, high educational level group, their income more than RMB 3 000 Yuan per month and the age of their husband （partner） less than 25 years old. About 29% was at high risk among the target women while only 61.9% was informed the potential complications of the operation. Conclusion： The ratio of high-risk abortion was high among the women who selected painless induced abortion. The target women were lack of knowledge and information either preor post-abortion. Information education and communication on reproductive health and contraception should be carried on to promote the contraception and decrease the unwanted pregnancy.