中国军人社会支持量表的研制及其信效度检验

Development of Chinese Military Personnel Social Support Scale and tests for its reliability and validity

目的研制中国军人社会支持量表并检验其信度、效度。方法根据开放式问卷调查,参考既往研究,编制中国军人社会支持量表。采用随机整群抽样方法,选取630名被试进行测试,对其中50名同时使用社会支持评定量表和中国军人心身健康量表进行施测,并于2周后采用中国军人社会支持量表进行重测,通过探索性因子分析、验证性因素分析及相关分析检验量表的信效度。结果中国军人社会支持量表由主观支持、客观支持、对支持的利用度3个因子构成,经因子分析修正获得18个条目的正式量表,另加1个掩饰分量表。各公共因子之间的相关系数为0.477-0.589（P〈0.01）,各因子与总量表之间的相关系数为0.721-0.823（P〈0.01）;总量表及各分量表的重测相关系数为0.622～0.803（P〈0.01）,Cronbachα系数为0.624～0.874,分半相关系数为0.551～0.828。本量表总量表及各分量表与作为校标量表的社会支持评定量表和中国军人心身健康量表具有显著相关性。结论中国军人社会支持量表具有较好的信度和效度,可用于中国军人社会支持水平的评估。

Objective To develop Chinese Military Personnel Social Support Scale and verify its reliability and validity.Methods The ChineseMilitaryPersonnelSocialSupportScale was initiated,organized and compiled based upon open-ended questionnaire survey done in a systematic manner,and previous researches were taken as references.A total of 630 military personnel were chosen by random cluster sampling and tested with the Scale,among them 50 were tested with SocialSupportRatingScale（SSRS） and Chinese Military Psychosomatic Health Scale（CMPHS） simultaneously,and the test was done solely a second time with CMPHS 2 weeks later.The reliability and validity were assessed and verified by exploratory factor analysis,confirmatory factor analysis and correlation analysis.Results The ChineseMilitaryPersonnelSocialSupportScale comprised three factors,namely subjective support,objective support and utility of social support.Eighteen items were left in official scale after amendment by factor analysis,and one lying subscale was added.The correlation coefficients between the public factors ranged from 0.477 to 0.589（P〈0.01）,and the correlation coefficients between factors and total scale ranged from 0.721 to 0.823（P〈0.01）.The test-retest correlation coefficients of total scale and subscales ranged from 0.622 to 0.803（P〈0.01）,the Cronbachαcoefficients ranged from 0.624 to 0.874,and the split-half correlation coefficients ranged from 0.551 to 0.828.Significant correlation existed between this Scale and two criterion scales,namely SSRS and CMPHS.Conclusion It is verified that the ChineseMilitaryPersonnelSocialSupportScale has excellent reliability and validity,and complying with psychometric standards,it may be used to evaluate the social support level of Chinese military personnel.