不同来源肝干细胞的定向分化潜能

Directed differentiation of hepatic stem cells from different origins

背景:目前,对不同来源肝干细胞的分化潜能尚未形成一致意见,在运用中也无统一标准和规范。目的:综述不同来源肝干细胞定向分化的潜能。方法:应用计算机检索1990年1月至2011年11月PubMed数据库相关文章,检索词为"differentiation,hepatic stem cell,liver stem cell",并限定文章语言种类为English。同时计算机检索1990年1月至2011年11月中国知网数据库相关文章,检索词为"肝干细胞,分化",并限定文章语言种类为中文。最终纳入符合标准的文献42篇。结果与结论:绝大多数肝干细胞的基础研究集中在胚胎来源肝干细胞或卵圆细胞,而在临床研究中,脐血、骨髓等来源肝干细胞获得了更多的关注,业内对各来源肝干细胞的分化潜能尚未形成一致意见。文章综述不同来源肝干细胞分化潜能的差异,探讨不同诱导因子在其中的决定作用,从而为进一步筛选稳定可靠的诱导因子,改善诱导定向分化的稳定性打下基础。同时期待更多符合临床需求的基础研究支持肝干细胞的应用,在肝干细胞来源和诱导剂上逐步形成一致的共识,建立统一的干细胞采集标准,甚至临床操作规范。

BACKGROUND： The hepatic stem cells originated from embryo or hepatic oval cells were always studied actively in basic researches. But the other stem cells from umbilical cord blood or bone marrow are paid more attention in clinical study. There is no agreement on differentiation of varied hepatic stem cells. OBJECTIVE： To summarize the potentiality of directed differentiation of hepatic stem cells from different origins. METHODS： PubMed databases and China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI） were retrieved for articles published from January 1990 to October 2011 in English and Chinese respectively with the searching words of differentiation, hepatic stem cell or liver stem cell. Articles in the same research field published in the authoritative journals or recently published （past 3 years） were included. Forty-two articles were included in the final analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： The majority of basic studies of hepatic stem cells focus on embryo-derived hepatic stem cells or hepatic oval cells; while in the clinical studies, umbilical cord- and bone marrow-derived hepatic stem cells have been paid more attention. There is no agreement on differentiation potential of hepatic stem cells from various origins. This paper summarizes the difference of differentiation potential of hepatic stem cells from different origins and investigates the decisive effect of different inductors so as to provide strong evidence for further screening reliable inductors and improving directed induced differentiation. More basic studies involving hepatic stem cells are expected to meet clinical requirements. This would help to achieve agreement in origins and inductors of hepatic stem cells and establish uniform standards to collect stem cells or uniform clinical operation guideline.