组织工程骨-软骨复合支架的构建与优化

Construction and optimization of a composite scaffold for osteochondral tissue engineering

背景:制备具有细胞识别信号的细胞外基质替代材料及仿生支架是目前组织工程支架材料研究的重点和热点。目的:制备并筛选出能够满足构建骨-软骨复合组织要求的多孔三维支架,并评价其生物学性能。方法:制备胶原-壳聚糖、明胶-硫酸软骨素-透明质酸钠、胶原-陶瓷化骨、明胶-陶瓷化骨支架材料,以新鲜关节为对照组。结果与结论:胶原-壳聚糖支架孔径50-200μm,孔隙率(90.5±2.1)%;明胶-硫酸软骨素-透明质酸钠支架孔径100-150μm,孔隙率(78.0±1.1)%;胶原-陶瓷化骨支架孔径400-500μm,孔隙率(67.5±2.1)%;明胶-陶瓷化骨支架孔径300-400μm,孔隙率(65.9±1.2)%。明胶-硫酸软骨素-透明质酸钠与明胶-陶瓷化骨支架基本符合实验要求,其结构与生物化学成分近似于自然细胞外基质,能够模拟细胞外微环境。说明明胶-硫酸软骨素-透明质酸钠与明胶-陶瓷化骨支架可作为复合组织的支架。

BACKGROUND： It is the focus and hotspot for the research of tissue engineering scaffold materials to prepare substitutes for the extracellular matrix with cell recognition and bionic scaffolds. OBJECTIVE： To prepare and filter a porous three-dimensional scaffold for osteochondral tissue engineering which can meet the requirement and to evaluate its biocompatibility. METHODS： Four kinds of scaffolds： collagen-chitosan, gelatin-chondroitin-sulfuric acid-sodium hyaluronate, collagen-ceramic bone and gelatin-ceramic bone were made by different biomaterials and divided into 1,2, 3 and 4 groups respectively. The fresh articular cartilage served as the control group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： In group 1, bore diameter was 50-200 pm, and porosity was （90.5±2.1）%. In group 2, bore diameter was 100 150 pm, and porosity was （90.5±2.1）%. In group 3, bore diameter was 400 500 IJm, and porosity was （67.5±2.1）%. In group 4, bore diameter was 300 400 pm, and porosity was （65.9±1.2）%. Mechanical test showed that the group 2 and group 4 basically met the experimental requirement： the structure and biochemistry components in groups 2, 3 and 4 were similar to the natural extracellular matrix, and could imitate extracellular microenvironment. These findings suggest that the gelatin-chondroitin-sulfuric acid-sodium hyaluronate and gelatin- ceramic bone scaffolds can be used as the scaffolds for composite tissues.