东方三号海带薄嫩菜颜色浅的原因探究及解决方法

The reason and solutions for chartreuse in salted kelp (Laminaria japonica) of No. Dongfang 3

实验比较了连杂(LZ)、奔牛(BN)、早熟飞机(ZSFJ)、韩国飞机(HGFJ)、东方三号(D3)和早熟(ZS)6个品种,以及3个D3杂交新品种(7#、9#、10#),叶绿素、碘、褐藻胶、甘露醇、灰分的含量。探讨D3海带薄嫩菜颜色浅的原因,选育新品种。实验结果表明:D3在2011年和2012年2个生长期内,叶绿素含量分别是0.033和0.031mg/m2,明显低于其它品种,是薄嫩菜颜色偏浅的重要原因。D3与其他海带的杂交新品种明显改善这一性状,其中7#海带叶绿素含量比D3提高64.5%。D3的营养特征是高褐藻酸、低甘露醇。9#、10#杂交新品种改善了父母亲本甘露醇含量低的性状,且较好地保存了母本褐藻酸含量高的优势。海带品种间的杂交有利于提高东方三号海带薄嫩菜的色泽,提升产品外观品质,同时还可以改善其营养成分组成,有利于选择性的应用于海带深加工与开发。

To discuss the reason for chartreuse in salted kelp （Laminariajaponica） and cultivate new vari- eties of kelp, Chlorophyll, algin, mannitol, iodine and cineration contents were determined in No. Dongfang 3 （D3）, Benniu （ BN ）, Zaoshufeiji （ZSFJ）, Hanguofeiji （ HGFJ ）, Lianza （1Z）, Zaoshu （ZS） and three new breeds （7^#, 9^#10^#）which was from hybridization between D3 and other varieties. The results showed that the chlorophyll contents of D3 kelp were 0.033 and 0.03hng/m^2 in 2011 eties. That was the important reason for chartreuse in and 2012 respectively, lower obviously tllan other vari- D3 salted kelp. However, this character should be ira- proved in the new breeds, and chlorophyll content of 7^# increased by 64.5% than of D3. Nutritional characteris- tics of D3 was high algin and low mannitol contents. The advantage of high algin content was remained while mannitol contents was improved in new breeds 9#,10#. Therefore, new breeds from D3 and other varieties would improve appearance quality and nutrition composition. It should be useful to selective application in industrial processing and exploitation.