黄颡鱼养殖池塘氮磷营养盐周年变化研究

Annual changes of the nutrients of nitrogen and phosphate in the aquaculture water of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

通过对黄颡鱼养殖池塘水体主要水质因子周年变化的测定与比较，探讨黄颡鱼养殖对水体环境的影响。研究主要测定了水体总磷（TP）、磷酸盐（PO4-P）、硝酸盐氮（NO3-N）、亚硝酸盐氮（NOrN）和氨氮（NHrN）含量。结果表明：养殖水体TP全年变化范围为0．08-1．17mg/L，5月份TP含量最低。PO4-P全年变化范围为0．02～0．27mg／L，10—12月份P0t—P含量较高为0．24-0．27mgeL。NO3-N全年变化范围为0．02～11．67mg／L，8月和11月份形成2个峰值；NO2-N全年变化范围为0．02～0·48mg／L。10月份呈现最高值0．48±0．01mg.L。NH4-N全年变化范围为0．06～2．02mg／L，5月份呈现峰值。溶解态无机氨（DIN）全年含量为0．43～11．76mg／L，且从全年氮平均含量进行考察，NO3-N、NH4-N和NO2-N分别占DIN的78．16％、16.72％和5.12％，N/P比值在5月和11月份出现2个峰值。黄颠鱼养殖池塘的水体氮和磷营养含量受光照、水温和鱼体活动等因素影响。

In order to research the annual changes of nutrients in Pelteobagrus fulvidraco aquaculture water, and to discuss the effect of Peheobagrus fulvidraco aquaculture on the environment, the contents of total phos- phate （TP）,phosphate （PO4-P）,nitratenitrogen （NO3-N）, nitrite nitrogen （NO2-N） and ammonianitrogen （NH4-N） were measured in the trial. Aquacuhure annual TP content was 0.08-1.17 mg/L,with the lowest value in May. Annual PO4-P was 0.02-0.27 mg/L,with the highest content of 0.24-0.27 mg/L from October to Decem- ber. Annual NO3-N content was 0.02-11.67 mg/L,with the highest value in August and November. Annual NO2- N content was 0.02-0.48 mg/L,with the highest value of 0.48＋0.01 mg/L in October. Annual NH,-N content was 0.06-2.02 nag/L, with the highest value in May. Annual dissolved inorganic nitrogen was 0.43-11.76 rag/L, with the percents of NO3-N, NO2-N and NH4-N being 78.16%, 16.72%和15.12%,respectively. There are two peaks of the ratio of N/P,appeared in May and November. The above results showed that the nutrients of nitrogen and phosphate in the aquaculture water of Pelteobagrus ful,vidraco were affected by the light, water temperature and fish activities.