论食品安全责任中的惩罚性赔偿

Food Safety and Punitive Damages

针对食品安全案件中食品生产者、销售者的惩罚性赔偿责任,《消费者权益保护法》第四十九条规定为合同责任,《侵权责任法》第四十七条规定为侵权责任,《食品安全法》第九十六条根据具体情况既可附加于合同责任又可附加于侵权责任中。三法所规定惩罚性赔偿责任在构成要件、赔偿范围方面各有不同。在构成竞合的情况下,在合同责任内部,《食品安全法》第九十六条第二款应为特别法;在侵权责任内部,应当允许受害人根据个案选择适用《食品安全法》第九十六条或《侵权责任法》第四十九条。

About the nature of punitive damage undertaken by food producers and food sellers, Article 49 of the Consumer Protection Law holds it as the liability the liability for tort, while Article 96 of the Food for breach of contract, Article 47 in the Tort Law holds it as Safety Law determines it as both, depending on specific cir- cumstances. The punitive damages in these three articles differ in constitutive requirements and compensation scope. When concurrence happens, Article 96 of the Food Safety Law is a special law for liability for breach of contract;but for liability for tort, plaintiffs can choose Article 96 of the Food Safety Law or Article 49 of the Consumer Protection Law in specific cases.