2009-2011年上海医院抗感染用药变化趋势

Analysis of changes and tendency of anti-infective agents in the hospitals of Shanghai from 2009 to 2011

目的:了解近年来上海样本医院抗感染用药变化趋势,供科研、生产、销售和使用部门参考。方法:采用2009-2011年上海119家样本医院抗感染用药数据,统计大类和品种的金额、份额、增长率、复合年均增长率等,结合临床应用的情况进行分析和讨论。结果:近年来政府采取一系列深化医疗改革的措施,并对不合理应用抗菌药物,开展专项整治活动。上海样本医院用药持续增长,但增幅趋缓,抗感染用药上升势头得到明显遏制,增长率远低于全部用药,其中2011年第一次出现负增长。用药品种虽有差异,但总体第四、第三代头孢菌素和喹诺酮类等使用比例下降,青霉素类、第一代头孢菌素等使用比例上升,呈现良好的发展态势,抗菌药物整治初显成效。结论:抗感染药是最常用的药物之一,应继续加强药政管理,合理应用,减缓细菌耐药性的产生和发展。

Objective： To understand the medication trends of anti-infective agents trends in Shanghai sample hospitals in recent years so as to provide a reference for scientific research, production and marketing. Methods： Data for anti-infective agents in 119 sample hospitals of Shanghai during 2009-2011 were used to count the sales, shares, growth rates and compound annual growth rate of statistical categories and varieties, which were analyzed by combineation with their application in clinic. Results： In recent years, the government has taken a series of measures to deepen medical reform, and has begun special punish activity on the irrational use of antimicrobial drugs. Drugs used in Shanghai sample hospitals continue to grow up with delayed amplitude. The upward trend of anti-infective medication drugs was obviously kept within limits and its growth rate was far lower than others with first negative growth in 2011. The proportion for use of the third and fourth generation of cephalosporins and quinolones decreased while the ratio for use of penicillins and the first generation of cephalosporins increased, which showed a good development and the government measures worked. Conclusion： Anti-infective agents are one of the most commonly used drugs. Drug management and reasonable medication should be continueously strengthened so as to slow the emergence and development of bacterial resistance.