白菜、豆角对大鼠90天喂养试验研究

Study on the 90d Feeding Test of Cabbage and Beans in Rats

目的:研究富硫氰酸盐类(白菜)、类黄酮类(豆角)食物搭配对大鼠一般状况的影响,对该类食物合理利用建立实验依据。方法:参考人日常摄入该类食物类别、剂量及途径,给予实验大鼠不同剂量单一或联合白菜、豆角,在自由饮食的情况下,进行长期(90d)喂养,采血及相关组织检查,分析造模对大鼠食物利用率、血常规、血生化、各脏器系数、抗氧化能力的影响。结果:富硫氰酸盐、类黄酮类食物对大鼠血常规及血生化无明显影响。从食物利用率分析,各组在喂养11周内有一定降低,后略有上升(P<0.01)。从脏器系数分析,胸腺系数联合中剂量组(MG)、联合高剂量组(HG)明显低于白菜组(CG)(P<0.01);心脏系数联合低剂量组(LG)、MG组高于对照组(NG),MG组低于豆角组(BG)(P<0.05);脾脏系数MG组低于NG、CG、HG组(P<0.05);肝脏系数BG组高于CG组(P<0.05)。从抗氧化能力分析,总超氧歧化物酶(总SOD)MG组低于BG、LG组(P<0.05),Cu-Zn超氧歧化物酶(Cu-Zn SOD)MG组低于NG组(P<0.05)。结论:综合各项指标,发现在正常摄食剂量情况下,白菜、豆角组合的硫氰酸盐类、类黄酮类食物搭配对机体无不良影响。随着累计摄入剂量的增加,搭配对机体表现出一定的不良作用,主要表现在对大鼠食物利用率及相关脏器系数的影响。提示人群在日常生活中应当注意富含硫氰酸盐类、类黄酮类植物化学物来源的食物相互搭配以及摄入量,尤其对于存在相关基础性病史的人群,应适当控制此类食物摄食量及频率。

[Objective] To study the effect of foods which contain thiocyanate （cabbage） and flavonoids （bean） on general status of rats to provide experimental evidence for rational use of food. [Method] Practical approach for simulating human feeding, food type and dosage, rats were given different doses of single or combined cabbage and bean. After 90d feeding, collect blood and organs and analyze the effect on food utilization, blood routine, biochemical indexes, organ coefficient, antioxidant activities in rats. [Result] Diet containing thi- oeyanate and flavonoids had no obvious effects on blood routine and biochemical indexes in rats. Food utilization of each group within 11 week had reduced, and then rose somewhat （ P 〈 0.01 ） . Thymus coefficient was significantly lower in mixed middle-dose group （ MG ） and mixed high-dose group （HG） than cabbage group （CG） （ P 〈 O. O1 ） . Heart coefficient was higher in mixed low-dose group （LG） and MG than control group （NG）, lower in MG than beans group （BG） （ P 〈0. 05） . Spleen coefficient was lower in MG than NG, CG and HG （ P 〈 0. 05） . Liver coefficient was higher in BG than CG （ P 〈 0. 05） . From the perspectioe of antioxidant activities, total Superox- ide dismutase （total SOD） was lower in MG than BG and LG （P 〈 0. 05）, Cu-Zn Superoxide dismutase （Cu-Zn SOD） was lower in MG than NG （P 〈0. 05） . [Conclusion] All the indicators showed that cabbage and beans intake in normal doses which contained thiocyanate and flavonoids had no adverse effects on the bodys. With the increase of the cumulative intake, damage effects of food utilization and organ coefficient appeared, so we should pay more attention to match and intake thiocyanate and flavonoids, especially for the underlying history of crowd, food intake and frequency of these food should be controlled.