小麦氮肥施用技术研究初报

Study on Nitrogen Fertilizer Application in Wheat

以精确施氮试验为基础,通过对产量、土壤供氮量、氮肥利用率、作物需氮量等指标进行分析,提出不同类型土壤目标产量氮肥用量。结果表明,精确施氮处理与常规施氮处理相比,小麦产量提高6.2%～7.6%,效益增加60.6～71.8元/667m2。水稻土、沿江潮土、沿海潮土土壤供氮量分别为6.37、5.57、6.02 kg/667m2。在300～500kg/667m2产量条件下,小麦百kg籽粒吸氮量、氮肥利用率均与产量呈线性正相关。目标产量400、425、450、475kg/667m2时,所需施氮量分别在9.0～14.0、11.5～16.1、13.8～18.1、15.9～19.9kg/667m2。

Based on the experiment of precision nitrogen application, nitrogen requirement amount for target yields in the different soil were studied through analyzing on soil nitrogen supply, nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen requirement. The results showed that application of precision nitrogen had a yield 6.2% ~ 7.6% and benefit 60.6 ~ 71.8 yuan/667m2 higher, compared with the conventional nitrogen fertilizer treatment. Nitrogen supply in paddy soil, fluvio-aquic soil along the costal area and fluvio-aquic soil along the Yangtze river were respectively 6.37,5.57, 6.02kg/667m2o During the yield range of 300-500kg/667m2, the N absorption amounts per 100kg grains of wheat, nitrogen use efficiency was the linear positive correlation with yield. When target yield was 400,425,450,475kg/667m2, nitrogen requirement amount were 9.0 ~ 14.0,11.5 - 16.1,13.8 - 18.1,15.9 ~ 19.9kg/667m2, respectivelyo