腭裂对中耳传音和咽鼓管功能的影响

Influence of cleftpalate on middle ear conduction and eustachian function

目的 :了解腭裂对中耳传音和咽鼓管功能的影响及其影响的程度。方法 :对 41例腭裂患者进行耳科学常规检查、咽鼓管咽口形态观察、声导抗测试 ,并与听力正常人进行对照。结果 :腭裂患者中鼓膜病变率达 89.0 % ,咽鼓管咽口呈裂隙状形态达 5 9.5 % ,鼓室压图异常达 83.1% ,镫骨肌反射消失率达 84.4% ,与正常人对照 ,有极显著性差异。腭裂患者并发分泌性中耳炎的比率为 74.0 %。结论 :由于腭裂患者存在鼻咽部的易感染性和咽鼓管扩张肌力的薄弱或障碍 ,咽口形态的不良改变 。

Objective:To explore the influence and its degree of cleftpalate on middle ear conduction and eustachian function.Method:41 cleftpalate patients (82 ears) were performed with otopharyngeal examinations,form of the ostium pharyngeum tubae auditivae observations and acoustic impedance measurements.The results were compared with healthy persons of normal hearing.Result:In the cases with cleftpalate,tympanic membrane pathological change incidence was 89.0 % (73/82),ostium pharyngeum tubae auditivae of cracked shape was 59.5 % (25/42),abnormal tympanogram was 83.1 % (64/77),the negative rate of stapedius muscle reflex was 84.4 % (65/77).There are significant different in comparison with healty persons.In synthetic analyses,the rate of secretory otitis media with varied degree in the cleftpalate cases was 74.0 % (57/77).Conclusion:There was a high incidence of middle ear pathological change and secretory otitis media in the cleftpalate patients.This high incidence was due to susceptivity of the nasopharynx on the infection,weak strength of the dilator tubae eustachii and the deformed shape of the ostium pharyngeum tubae auditivae.