电动摩托车车架结构优化设计

Structural optimization design of the electric motorcycle frame

为分析某型号电动摩托车车架在振动工况下的结构强度并减轻重量,基于瞬态动力学理论,采用有限元方法,建立车架瞬态分析有限元模型,计算车架在振动工况下的动强度,得到车架在该工况下的应力分布状况,在此基础上结合Hyperworks优化模块建立以车架重量为目标函数的优化模型,在满足强度约束条件下对车架结构进行优化设计。理论计算和实验研究表明:该车架结构强度有一定富裕,在振动工况下安全系数较高,存在一定优化空间,优化后车架结构强度得到一定提高,符合制造工艺,同时车架重量减轻了12.1%,说明该优化方法对车架结构设计有一定指导意义。

In order to analyze the performance of the electric motorcycle frame structure under working condition of vibration and reduce its weight,the transient finite element analysis model is developed with the theory of transient dynamics,and frame dynamic strength is calculated to obtain the maximum stress and stress distribution of frame under the working condition.On that basis,we establish the optimum model with the target function of the frame＇s weight based on the optimal module of Hyperworks,and make optimization design of the frame under intensity and rigidity constraint conditions.The theory analysis and experimental results indicate that the frame has surplus strength and the value of safety factor is high under working condition of vibration,and the strength of the optimized frame meets the requirements of safety and manufacturing process,meanwhile,the weight of frame is reduced by 12.1%,which shows that the optimization method is reliable and effective for the design of the structure of the frame.