台湾嘉义县龙山小学防灾教育实施成效评估

Evaluation of Effectiveness of Disaster Prevention Education in Longshan Primary School, Jiayi County, Taiwan, China

龙山小学位于台湾嘉义县竹崎乡,毗邻梅山断层、九芎坑断层、大尖山断层、触口断层、木屐寮断层,且学区境内的龙山村、文峰村目前是泥石流潜在高危险村落,防灾教育相当重要。本研究主要探讨防灾教育对龙山小学学生的教学成效。经问卷调查学生之防灾背景,了解龙山小学学生对防灾的前置概念,设计符合该校的防灾教育课程,实施防灾教育,然后进行防灾教育施测及质性研究资料收集,探讨防灾教育对学生在防灾知识、防灾技能、防灾态度等三方面的教学成效以及三者间的相关性,以作为防灾教学之参考依据。研究结果:1)施行防灾教育对学校整体防灾知识、防灾技能等各个方面均具教学成效;2)学生在防灾态度上均持正面积极态度;3)学生的防灾知识与防灾技能之间中度相关,因此学校推行防灾教育时,加强防灾知识便能增强学生防灾技能;4)学生背景(性别、家长教育程度、家长职业、教养状况、家长年龄、上学所乘交通工具、学生灾害恐惧程度)与学生的防灾知识、防灾技能、防灾态度无显著相关性。

Longshan Primary School is located in Chuchi Village, Chiayi County. Geographically the village is adjacent to Meishan, Chiuchiungkeng, Tachienshan, Chukou and Muchiliao faults. In particular, Longshan and Wenfeng districts are classified as high risk areas for landslides. As these two districts are part of the catchment area of Longshan Primary School, disaster prevention education has become important task for the school. The research aims to investigate the effectiveness of the disaster prevention education delivered to students in Longshan Primary School. A questionnaire was used to explore the background knowledge of students’ disaster awareness before the training. The curriculum of the training was designed and delivered according to the assessment of their knowledge. Based on students’ knowledge, skills and attitudes towards disaster prevention, a qualitative method was used to collect and evaluate the effectiveness of the course. The results of the research include： （1） the evidence shows that the course to be very effective, in particular in the areas of knowledge and skills of disaster prevention; （2） students take more positive attitudes towards disaster prevention; （3） there is a positive correlation between students’ knowledge in disaster prevention and skills, which means enhancing students’ knowledge in disaster prevention will increase their skills to prevent from future disasters; and （4） there is no positive correlation between the background of students （gender, guardians’ education level, occupation, age, students’ transportation, and the degree to which students fear of disasters） and their knowledge, skills and attitudes to disaster prevention.