孟德斯鸠论商业精神、商业与共和政体

Montesquieu's Discussion on Commercial Spirit,Commerce and Republic

孟德斯鸠认为品德是共和政体的原则,商业精神能够大力推动商业和贸易的发展,而商业和贸易的发展最终可能反过来侵蚀商业精神本身,给古典的共和政体及其品德带来危害。他的分权制衡理论可以看作是一种政治上的补救措施。孟德斯鸠关于商业、美德与共和政体的论述对于当今中国市场经济的发展具有重要的启示。

Montesquieu regards virtue as the principle of republic.The commercial spirit can promote the development of business and trade,which may erode the commercial spirit,and ultimately do harm to the classical republic and its virtue.His theory of separation of powers,checks and balances can be seen as a political remedy.Montesquieu＇s discussion on commerce,virtue and republic has important implications for the development of market economy in China today.