武陵山区少数民族生活方式变迁的背景和条件分析

An Analysis of Background and Conditions of Changes of Ethnic Lifestyle in Wuling Mountain Areas

新时期,伴随着市场经济发展、新农村建设的深入,武陵山区少数民族生活方式也发生了变迁。少数民族生活方式变迁表现出变化速度快、消费结构优化提高、文化生活方式特性突出、传统与现代生活元素融合的特点,呈现着变迁的渐进性和非均衡性、冲突与调适、共同性与差异性、坚守传承与融合等规律,以及有着市场化、城镇化、现代化的变迁趋势。这些变化特点和规律,都是改革开放后少数民族地区生产力发展、交通条件改善、产业结构调整、政府政策制度安排等主客观、内外力多种因素合力的结果。

With the development of market economy and deeply carrying out new socialist countryside construction, the ethnic minorities in Wuling mountain area have witnessed a new period of lifestyle changes, which is characterized by changing rapidly, steady improvement of consumption structure, highlighting culture-oriented life style, the perfect integration of elements of traditional and modern life, and in the process shows some features, such as being gradual and imbalanced, conflictive and adaptive, similar and different, strictly inheriting and readily accepted, along with the ever-changing trend of marketization, urbanization and modernization. All this, the author maintains, is the result of multiple combining forces from outside and from within, subjective and objective, which owes a lot to the growth of productivity, the improvement of traffic conditions, adjustment of industrial structure, innovation of government polity and system arrangement and so forth since China’s reform and opening up.