药用植物内生真菌研究进展

Research Progress of Endophytic Fungi from Medicinal Plants

我国药用植物种类丰富,但受植物资源生长周期长、产量低等限制,难以满足人类的需要。而其内生真菌丰富多样,生长快,易培养,且可以产生与宿主相同或相似的天然活性物。利用内生真菌发酵生产抗菌、抗肿瘤等天然活性物质,不仅有望解决市面上部分药物供不应求的现状,还能有效地保护珍稀、濒危的药用植物资源。本文概述了药用植物内生真菌宿主植物的选择、内生真菌分离及其次级代谢产物分离纯化和活性研究,并对研究中存在的问题进行了讨论,以期为药用植物内生真菌研究提供方法和思路。

The resources of Chinese medicinal plants is abundant,but it is difficult to meet human needs because of the long growth cycle,low output,irreproducibility,etc..Whereas,their endophytic fungi can produce active metabolites which are the same or similar as the host does.Therefore,utilizing endophytic fungi to produce antimicrobial,antitumour and other bioactive substances through microbiological fermentation technique can not only alleviate the shortage of some drugs on the market,but also effectively protect the rare and endangered medicinal plant resources.This paper summarizes the methods of medicinal plants selection,endophytic fungi isolation,purification of their secondary metabolites,studies on the activities,and discussion of the problems occurring in current researches,with a view to provide methods for the research of endophytic fungi from medicinal plants.