贵州地方茶树品种资源的鉴定与利用

Identification and Utilization of Guizhou Local Tea Germplasm Resources

为了利用贵州地方茶树种质资源培育特色优良绿茶品种,采用形态学、理化指标检测和感官审评相结合的方法对湄潭苔茶、石阡苔茶、都匀毛尖茶和贵定鸟王茶4个地方茶树群体的农艺性状、理化指标和感官品质进行评价。结果表明:①从4个地方茶树群体资源中鉴选出112个优良株系。②4个地方茶的水浸出物、氨基酸、儿茶素总量及儿茶素品质指数均较好,绿茶感官品质优良。③发现了1个强耐寒种质,5个叶色特异、生长旺盛的种质,6个氨基酸含量高达6.0%～7.4%、茶多酚含量为19.2%～27.4%的种质,选育出4个优良绿茶品系进入全国区域试验。

The agronomic traits, physical and chemical indicators and sensory quality of four Guizhou local tea varieties, including Camellia s/nens/s ev. Meitan-taicha, Camellia sinensis ev. Shiqian-taicha, Camellia sinensis ev. Duyun-maojianeha and Camellia sinensis ev. Guiding-niaowangeha, were evaluated by morphological surveying, physical and chemical analyzing and tea sensory testing to breed charaetefistie excellent green tea varieties by using Guizhou local tea germplasm resources. Results： （i） 112 excellent strains were identified from the four local tea varieties. （ii） The four tea varieties were of good indexes of water extracts, amino acids, eateehins centent and quality, and the sensory quality of green tea was fine. （iii） A strong cold-resistant germplasm and five germplasms with speeifle leaf and vigemus growth were found. Their amino acid contents ranged from 6.0 % to 7.4 %, and their polyphenol centents were in a range of 19.2 % -27.4 %. Four fine green tea strains were bred, and were tested in the national regional trials.