再生稻精确定量栽培技术研究

Study on Precise and Quantitative Cultivation of Ratooning Rice

2010～2011年,在临沧市以再生力强的高产组合宜优673为材料,在头季稻种植采用精确定量栽培技术创造高产的基础上,设置播期、促芽肥用量及施用时期、留桩高度、不同栽培技术的对比试验,探索再生稻精确定量栽培技术。结果表明,采用精确定量栽培技术种植的头季稻和再生稻均比当地高产栽培技术增产,两季增产3.21 t/hm2,增22.22%,其中再生稻增产2.16 t/hm2,增132.90%。在云南再生稻头季应在2月20日以前育秧,4月中旬前移栽,8月中旬前收获,再生季于10月中旬收获;再生稻的产量与头季稻的产量相关性达到极显著,要提高再生稻的产量,必须确保头季稻的高产。在云南省再生季的精确定量栽培技术为总氮肥用量195 kg/hm2,在头季稻齐穗后15～20 d和收割后2～3 d两次平均施完,留桩高度30 cm。

In 2010 and 2011, the high yields were created by the first cropping rice precise and quantitative cultivation in Lincang city of Yunnan province, and the sowing date, the amount and date of N application for bud development, the rudimental stubble height, different cultivation techniques of rationing rice high-yielding Yiyou 673 with strong rationing ability were analyzed, and also the ratooning rice precise and quantitative cultivation was explored. The results showed that the average yields were increased 3.21 t/hm^2 by the first cropping rice and ratooning rice precise and quantitative cultivation with more 22.22 % than local high cultivation. The yields of rationing flee were increased 2.16 t/hm^2, and yield increase rate was more 132.90 %. The seed of the first cropping rice could usually be sowed before February 20. The seedlings could usually be transplanted before mid-April. The first cropping rice could usually be harvested before mid-August, and the rationing rice could be harvested before mid-October. The yield correlation between the first cropping rice and ratuoning rice was extremely significant. In order to improve the yield of rationing rice, the high yield of the first cropping rice must be ensured. The recommended total N fertilizer 195 kg/hm^2 in the technology of ratooning rice precise and quantitative cultivation in Yunnan should be averagely used in the field at twice. The first was 15 to 20 days after full heading of the first cropping flee and the second was 2 to 3 days after the first cropping harvest. The height of rudimental stubble was 30 cm.