麻风树叶片化感作用对入侵植物紫茎泽兰幼苗生长的影响

Allelopathic Effects of Jatropha curcas on Seedling Growth of Eupatorium adenophorum

采用盆栽试验法,研究了麻风树叶片通过淋溶、挥发和腐解等途径释放的化感物质对紫茎泽兰幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:麻风树叶水浸提液、叶挥发性物质水溶液和叶腐解液对紫茎泽兰幼苗具有化感效应。与对照相比,紫茎泽兰幼苗的苗高增加,根长减小,淋溶途径和挥发途径释放的化感物质对紫茎泽兰幼苗生物量的积累总体表现为抑制效应,而腐解途径对紫茎泽兰幼苗生物量的积累则表现为低浓度促进,高浓度抑制效应。在麻风树化感作用下,紫茎泽兰幼苗出现补偿性生长,将光合产物向地下部分转移,地下部分的生物量增加,地上部分的生物量减少,导致根冠比明显大于对照。在3条途径中,化感效应强弱依次是叶挥发性物质水溶液、叶腐解液和叶水浸提液。利用麻风树的化感作用可在一定程度上可控制紫茎泽兰的生长。

The effects of the aqueous leaf extract, the aqueous leaf volatile substance solution and decomposed leaf liquids of Jatropha curcas on seedling growth of Eupatorium aclenophorum were studied by using pot experiments. The results showed that shoot height of E. adenophorum seedlings increased and the root length decreased when treated with different solution from Jatropha curcas leaf. The aqueous leaf extract and the aqueous leaf volatile substance solution could inhibit biomass accumulation of E. adenophorum seedling, and biomass accumulation increased at first and then decreased with the increasing concentration of decomposed leaf liquids. In response to the allelopathy effect of J. curcas, E. adenophorum seedlings exhibited compensatory growth and their photosynthate tended to be translecated into the roots, and then resulted in underground biomass increase, aboveground biomass decrease and root-top ratio increase. The order of allelopathie effects from J. curcoa was as follows： the aqueous leaf volatile substance solution 〉 the aqueous leaf extract 〉 decomposed leaf liquids. Our results suggested that J. curcas allelopathy would be used to control E. adenophorum.