极低出生体重儿童学龄期的行为适应分析

Analysis of behavioral adjustment in school-aged children born with very low birth weight

【目的】评估极低出生体重(very low birth weight,VLBW)儿童学龄期行为适应状况并探讨相关的影响因素。【方法】采用BASICS行为适应量表对235名就读主流学校的极低出生体重儿童和396名正常出生体重儿童的家长进行问卷调查。【结果】调查的631个家庭中570个家庭完成问卷,应答率90.3%。极低出生体重儿童组成就[(3.06±0.93)分]、自我关系[(3.62±0.88)分]、内在状态[(4.11±1.18)分]得分及行为适应总分[(3.19±0.71)分]高于正常出生体重儿童组,分别为[(2.29±0.85)分],[(2.27±0.78)分],[(2.45±0.86)分]和[(2.31±0.75)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,家庭收入高、主要管教者受教育程度高的VLBW儿童行为适应较好,新生儿期患颅内出血及使用激素总量较多的VLBW儿童行为适应较差。【结论】极低出生体重儿童存在行为适应问题,应进行早期的行为评估和干预。

【Objective】 To evaluate behavioral adjustment and its influential factors among school-aged children born with very low birth weight（VLBW）. 【Method】 The BASICS Behavioral Adjustment Scale was used to investigate 235 very low birth weight children and 396 normal birth weight（NBW） children who studied in mainstream schools,parents of the children completed the questionaire. 【Results】 A total of 570 out of 631 questionaires were completed,with a response rate of 90.3%.Scores for VLBW group in dimension of achievement,self-relations,internal state and total scores were significantly higher than those of the NBW group（respectively 3.06±0.93,3.62±0.88,4.11±1.18 and 3.19±0.71 vs 2.29±0.85,2.27±0.78,2.45±0.86 and 2.31±0.75,P all0.05）.Multiple regression analysis showed that higer family economics status and main caregiver education level were predictors of better behavioral adjustment among the VLBW group.While those with neonatal intracranial hemorrhage and higer doses of corticosteroid had worse behavioral adjustment. 【conclusion】 VLBW children have increased behavior problems,early evaluation and intervention is recommended.